Clinical evidence
ADHD stimulants (Rx)
Prescription stimulant·Medication side-effects · Sexual-dysfunction treatments
Effect across the cycle
DesireBiphasic: Raised at low dose; suppressed at higher dose.
ArousalBiphasic: Dopaminergic enhancement vs noradrenergic vasoconstriction.
PerformanceBiphasic: Erectile dysfunction can emerge at higher doses.
ClimaxInhibitory: Delayed orgasm/ejaculation at higher doses.
ExperienceMixed: Focus and drive vs over-stimulation.
MemoryNeutral: Not a primary memory factor here.
Mechanism
Methylphenidate blocks DAT/NET; amphetamine also releases monoamines. Bidirectional and dose-dependent: pro-libido and enhanced arousal at low doses or with pre-existing dysfunction, but decreased libido, erectile dysfunction and delayed orgasm at higher doses or in psychiatric populations.
Sex differences & notes
Generally reversible; effect direction depends on dose and baseline.
Key sources
- Pharmaceuticals 2025 systematic review